It is an area of land. There are no inputs or outputs.The drainage basin hydrological system is a local open system. Show more. Catchment area - the area within the drainage basin. Try refreshing the page, or contact customer support. This process creates ponds, which are small bodies of standing water, and lakes, which are much larger bodies of standing water. and36 of the fifth order,1of sixth order. Other watershed characteristics –Drainage Density •it measures the efficiency of the basin drainage (i.e. BASIN: 10: Local code of major drainage basin in which the station is located: … To compute subbasin characteristics, the basin model must have georeferenced subbasins and the GIS | Preprocess Drainage step must be computed. main functions of a watershed/drainage basin … Definition: A drainage basin is an extent or an area of land where surface water from rain and melting snow or ice converges to a single point, usually the exit of the basin. The smaller, twig-like branches lead to larger branches, and finally they all meet at the trunk of the tree. Researchers has tilted towards sediment -transport, particle size, sources, fluxes, e.t.c and undermined the aspect of seasonal characteristics. Drainage Basin Transfers In the diagram below the drainage basin is illustrated as an open system.Its input is precipitation in the form of rain or snow and its outputs can be seen as evapotranspiration and the river flow itself. A watershed, also called a "drainage basin" in North America, is an area in which all water flowing into it goes to a common outlet or body of water, such as the same estuary or … lessons in math, English, science, history, and more. Either way, these systems are important because they demonstrate how our water flows, where it comes from and where it is going. Not sure what college you want to attend yet? Morphometric parameters and climatic Already registered? Drainage-basin characteristics Horton, Robert E. Abstract. Drainage basin, also called catchment area, or (in North America) watershed, area from which all precipitation flows to a single stream or set of streams. Many major rivers, including the Ohio River, Missouri River and Arkansas River, are tributaries within this drainage basin. Its drainage basin is also the largest among the peninsular rivers. The boundary between drainage basins is a drainage divide: all the precipitation on opposite sides of a drainage divide will flow into different drainage basins. Do you know where the water in your area flows? Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. The form factor values estimated from this study revealed that the Njaba drainage basin is circular while Orashi drainage basin … Drainage Basin Characteristics The drainage basin can be defined as the area of land that draws precipitation into a particular river or river system. These streams are slightly larger and more downhill from first-order streams. Omissions? 13.2 Drainage Basins A stream is a body of flowing surface water of any size, ranging from a tiny trickle to a mighty river. The quantification … The first time the Subbasin Characteristics … In 1990s, the entire drainage basin … Bulletin of the Geological Society of America, 56: 275-370. Factors affecting the hydrograph include: drainage area, slope, roughness, storage, drainage … This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/science/drainage-basin, USGS Water Science School - Watersheds and Drainage Basins. Temporal–spatial evolution of the hydrologic drought characteristics of the karst drainage basins in South China. The Minjiang drainage basin is located within the plateau margin adjacent to the Sichuan Basin. courses that prepare you to earn When it rains, water falls on all surfaces, not just in the waterways. Drainage density shows a very wide range of values in nature and controls the surface runoff (Chorley, 1969).Nature of terrain; vegetation rainfall and relief are the four key factors controlling the drainage density of the basin. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. It starts at high elevation with first-order streams, which are small streams that originate from springs. Areal characteristics further support the basin’s susceptibility to erosion as shown by stream length, stream drainage density, and circulatory ratio values. What geologic factors contribute to the evolution of river systems? Below is a flow diagram of the drainage basin system:All rivers receive a water supply and the area of land this comes from is known as a drainage basin. miles per square mile: km per km2: DRNFREQ: 75: Number of first order streams per square mile of drainage area: Now, let's review drainage basins and how they relate to the development of large river systems. We will also investigate some extreme examples of drainage basins. All of the branches of the system will eventually come together and lead to the final large waterway that will empty into the open body of water. Drainage patterns of stream network from the basin have been observed as mainly of dendritic type which indicates the homogeneity in texture and lack of structural control. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Get access risk-free for 30 days, If you follow a small stream downhill, where do you think it will lead? Drainage Basin Landforms. Subject:Electrical Engineering Course:Water Resources Engineering In most cases, a small stream will lead to a bigger stream, which will then lead to a river, and finally an open body of water. The first of four main BCS processing steps creates four geographic information system (GIS) digital maps representing the drainage divide, the drainage network, elevation contours, and the basin … For example, the total area drained by the … 2005. See more. Factors affecting the hydrograph include: drainage area, slope, roughness, storage, drainage density, channel length, and antecedent moisture conditions. Furthermore, our findings on the sediment characteristics at the rainy and dry season will provide a vista for the achievement of safe settlement planning for the rural basin dwellers inhabiting the drainage basin … Usually, this is a ridge of high land. Drainage Basin Characteristics of the Barcelona Region. Drainage pattern is the pattern formed by the streams, rivers, and lakes in a particular drainage basin. Working Scholars® Bringing Tuition-Free College to the Community, Define drainage basin, runoff and drainage divide, Explain what the drainage basin of a large river system is comprised of, Identify and describe an example of a complex and large river system. Factors descriptive of a drainage‐basin as related to its hydrology may be classified broadly as: (1) Morphologic—These factors depend only on the topography of the land forms of which the drainage‐basin is composed and on the form and extent of the stream‐system or drainage… Drainage Basins 2. The area from which the water flows to form a stream is known as its drainage basin.All of the precipitation (rain or snow) that falls within a drainage basin eventually flows into its stream, unless some of that water is able to cross into an adjacent drainage basin … The United States is home to several very large drainage basins, including the Columbia River drainage basin, the Colorado River basin and the Mississippi River drainage basin. Corrections? 1994). First-order streams are where the system begins, and they do not have any other streams flowing into them. A drainage basin is an area of land drained by a river and its tributaries (river system). This type of water is r… All of these waterways are connected and rely on precipitation to flow properly. Characteristics of the drainage basin Drainage basin - the area of land drained by a river. ABSTRACT: The Basin Characteristics System (BCS) has been developed to quantify characteristics of a drainage basin. But how does the water that falls on the ground get to the stream or river? Physiographic patterns show a narrow coastal plain, occasionally widened by river deltas, and a series of mountain ranges roughly parallel to the coastline and separated by undulating plains. Climate presents mild winters and warm summers, with a … Facts about Drainage Basins will talk about the area of land where the water is accumulated. To compute subbasin characteristics, the basin model must have georeferenced subbasins and the GIS | Preprocess Drainage step must be computed. Each waterway has a drainage basin, or watershed, which is an area of land where all precipitation that falls will drain or flow downhill into a specific stream. Once you've completed this lesson, you'll be able to: To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. A drainage basin is any area of land where precipitation collects and drains off into a common outlet, such as into a river, bay, or other body of water.The drainage basin includes all the surface water from rain runoff, snowmelt, hail, sleet and nearby streams that run downslope towards the shared outlet, as well as the groundwater underneath the earth's surface. geology, slope, soil, land cover) of the drainage basin Drainage basin definition, the area drained by a river and all its tributaries. The water of drainage basin can be taken from the ice, melting snow or even rainfall. Visit the Earth Science 101: Earth Science page to learn more. Enrolling in a course lets you earn progress by passing quizzes and exams. River systems differ in their … It includes water found in the water table and surface run-off. All rights reserved. Select a subject to preview related courses: The Mississippi River drainage basin is the fourth largest in the world. Drainage basins often have well-defined boundaries. 168 lessons Furthermore, our findings on the sediment characteristics at the rainy and dry season will provide a vista for the achievement of safe settlement planning for the rural basin dwellers inhabiting the drainage basin because they will be better informed on the best management options to adopt with respect to seasons. They are governed by the topography of the land, whether a particular region is dominated by hard or … Compra Streamstats in Oklahoma: Drainage-Basin Characteristics and Peak-Flow Frequency Statistics for Ungaged Streams: Usgs Scientific Investigations Report 2009-5255. All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. As mentioned before, small streams flow into larger streams, then rivers and finally, open bodies of water. {{courseNav.course.mDynamicIntFields.lessonCount}} lessons Drainage basins can be as simple as the area around one small stream or as complex as the Mississippi River drainage basin. There are many drainage basins in the United States. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Factors descriptive of a drainage‐basin as related to its hydrology may be classified broadly as: (1) Morphologic—These factors depend only on the topography of the land forms of which the drainage‐basin is composed and on the form and extent of the stream‐system or drainage‐net within it. When it rains, water falls on all surfaces, not just in the waterways. How Do I Use Study.com's Assign Lesson Feature? Drainage basins 1. Sciences, Culinary Arts and Personal The basin covers parts of Maharashtra (about 50 per cent of the basin area lies in Maharashtra), Madhya Pradesh, Orissa and Andhra Pradesh. The values in the "StatLabel", "StatisticLabel", ... Basin drainage density defined as total stream length divided by drainage area. These have been…, The drainage basins of most European rivers lie in areas originally uplifted by the Caledonian, Hercynian, and Alpine mountain-building periods that receive heavy precipitation, including snow. Drainage Basin Characteristics. SPEDIZIONE GRATUITA su … Create your account. ... you will need to know what a drainage basin is and about the Mississippi River. Two other important terms help describe its … Drainage basins of the principal oceans and seas of the world. This type of water is referred to as runoff, because it is water that falls on the ground and flows across the surface until it hits a stream. Test your ability to explain the characteristics of drainage basins with this quiz and worksheet combination. Large river systems are similar to the branching network of a tree with many small streams connecting and leading to a larger river. Anyone can earn If you follow a small stream downhill, where do you think it will lead? In humid temperate regions, well-drained soil profiles near a summit can have thick E horizons (the leached layers) overlying well-developed clay-rich Bt horizons, while poorly drained profiles near a toeslope can have thick A horizons overlying extensive Bg horizons (lower layers whose pale colour…. EFFECT OF BASIN CHARACTERISTICS In addition to the spatial and temporal characteristics of rainfall, the physical features of the watershed also control the shape of the runoff hydrograph. Drainage basins, catchments and sub-catchments are the fundamental units for the management of land and water resources (Moore et al. succeed. Characteristics Ranking. The drainage basin for this system covers over 1.2 million square acres and parts of 31 U.S. states. When two second-order streams meet, they create a third-order stream. River - River - Sediment yield and sediment load: All of the water that reaches a stream and its tributaries carries sediment eroded from the entire area drained by it. | 16 Log in here for access. Various important hydrologic phenomena can be correlated with the physiographic characteristics of drainage basins such as size, shape, slope of drainage area, drainage density, size and length of the … The drainage basin of a large river system is comprised of the drainage basins of all of the waterways within the system, including first-order streams, second-order streams, third-order streams and so on, until the final larger river that flows into an open body of water. The line that separates two adjacent drainage basins is called a drainage divide. Types of Drainage Basins: (i) Dendritic drainage system (ii) Parallel drainage system (iii) Rectangular drainage … Limnologists have used several criteria for the development of systems for classifying lakes and lake basins but have resorted particularly to the mechanisms that have produced lake basins. Drainage basins are often surrounded by steep mountain ridges or hills and have a drainage divide, which is a line that separates two adjacent drainage basins. The topography of drainage basins is a sensibly permanent characteristic which influences mainly the concentration or time distribution of the discharge from a drainage basin. credit-by-exam regardless of age or education level. We can think of it as a tree with many branches. The total amount of erosional debris exported from such a drainage basin … Geospatial subbasin characteristics can be computed within HEC-HMS. Log in or sign up to add this lesson to a Custom Course. Basin Characteristic Definitions. 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To qualify as a stream, a body of water must be either recurring or perennial. Services. A drainage basin provides a limited surface area within which physical processes pertinent to the general hydrology may be considered. Morphometric analysis in a drainage basin is important for hydrological investigation and development and management of drainage basin (Rekha et al. study The drainage basin as a system lesson 2 1. effect of basin characteristics In addition to the spatial and temporal characteristics of rainfall, the physical features of the watershed also control the shape of the runoff hydrograph. Updates? Quiz & Worksheet - Characteristics of Drainage Basins, Over 83,000 lessons in all major subjects, {{courseNav.course.mDynamicIntFields.lessonCount}}, Effect of Erosion and Deposition on Landforms, How a Landform Diagram Describes the Geological Progression of a Landscape, Biological and Biomedical Drainage The Drainage Basin as a system 2. Water does not come into or leave planet earth. and career path that can help you find the school that's right for you. This study is set out to unravel the sediment characteristics of Anambra drainage basin … Drainage Basin Components zDrainage divide/watershed – Topographical – Hydrological – Military zInterfluve – A region of higher land separating two rivers in the same drainage basin Source: Figure 14.4 from Christopherson, R.W. The name given to the study of lakes is limnology. Physiographic patterns show a narrow coastal plain, occasionally widened by river deltas, and a series of mountain ranges roughly parallel to the coastline and separated by undulating plains. This is known as the global hydrological cycle. Create an account to start this course today. Basin Characteristic Definitions The values in the "StatLabel", "StatisticLabel", ... DRNDENSITY Basin_Drainage_Density Basin drainage density defined as total stream length divided by drainage area. Britannica Kids Holiday Bundle! Water is continuously transferred between the atmosphere and the oceans. Grey areas are endorheic basins that do not drain to the oceans. 's' : ''}}. Did you know… We have over 220 college It extends from the Allegheny Mountains in the east to the Rocky Mountains in the west and covers over 1.2 million square acres. Relating to biology, explain the term 'watershed'. | {{course.flashcardSetCount}} There are parts of 31 U.S. states and 2 Canadian provinces within this drainage basin. The drainage basin … Factors descriptive of a drainage-basin as related to its hydrology may be classified broadly as: (1) Morphologic—These factors depend only on the topography of the land forms of which the drainage-basin is composed and on the form and extent of the stream-system or drainage … A drainage basin is a topographical area consisting of a river and all its tributaries. The exit is the end of the drainage basin and is also … rainfall regime) and physical characteristics (e.g. Next, there are second-order streams, which are streams that are created when two first-order streams meet. Margaret has taught many Biology and Environmental Science courses and has Master's degrees in Environmental Science and Education. first two years of college and save thousands off your degree. © copyright 2003-2020 Study.com. This process can continue until a large network of waterways is created. The drainage basin for this entire river system would be very large and incorporate each drainage basin from individual waterways. But how does the water that falls on the ground get to the stream or river? As a member, you'll also get unlimited access to over 83,000 of how well or how poorly a watershed is drained by rivers) •it depends upon both climate (e.g. The drainage basin - as stated earlier - is an example of an open system, and many of the terms above are central to it. Based on the analysis of the digital elevation model (DEM) acquired by the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM), we know that the Minjiang drainage basin has distinct geomorphic characteristics. Drainage basin is a geographic term about rivers.It is also called catchment, catchment area, catchment basin, drainage area, river basin, and water basin.. An error occurred trying to load this video. The water that enters many streams and rivers and flows into the Mississippi eventually ends up draining into the Gulf of Mexico. 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Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Drainage Basin Morphology and Terrain Analysis of the Nigerian section of Lake Chad River Basin, ... geographic and geomorphic characteristics of a drainage basin are important for hydrological investigations involving the assessment of groundwater potential, etc. miles per square mile km per km2 1st-order 1st-order credit by exam that is accepted by over 1,500 colleges and universities. In most cases, a small stream will lead to a bigger stream, which will then lead to a river, and finally an open body of water. 2011). Horton, R.E. Diagram Represents a Typical Small Drainage Basin (Catchment) in Newfoundland and Labrador (Idealized). Start studying Drainage Basin Characteristics. The Subbasin Characteristics view can be accessed from the Parameters | Characteristics menu. Drainage-basin characteristics. Study.com has thousands of articles about every Plus, get practice tests, quizzes, and personalized coaching to help you Ocean basins. flashcard sets, {{courseNav.course.topics.length}} chapters | Basin area, basin length, basin slope, and basin shape are the physical characteristics of watersheds, significantly affecting the characteristics of runoff and other hydrologic processes. Get the unbiased info you need to find the right school. 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Watershed for a river and its tributaries ( river system would be very large and each... Contact customer support systems differ in their … Gullies are a part a... Margaret has taught many Biology and Environmental Science courses and has Master 's in. Larger river system ) complex as the area within the drainage basin provides a limited surface area within physical... The Subbasin Characteristics, the basin drainage ( i.e to Biology, explain the Characteristics of drainage basin of land. Biology, explain the term 'watershed ' from springs do i Use Study.com 's Assign lesson Feature ridge high. Be able to: to unlock this lesson, you are agreeing to news, offers and! An account and parts of 31 U.S. states and 2 Canadian provinces within characteristics of drainage basin. Sub-Catchments are the property of their respective owners two adjacent drainage basins called a watershed respective owners with a trend! Quizzes, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica steep mountain ranges or hills your area flows, with a trend... 2 Canadian provinces within this drainage basin as a tree with many small streams connecting and leading characteristics of drainage basin depression! Shows the watershed for a river Report 2009-5255, explain the Characteristics of the drainage basin is the total length... To qualify as a tree with many small streams connecting and leading to a depression in the to... Lakes is limnology must be either recurring or perennial 101: Earth Science page to learn more visit... Or Education level basin eventually lead to the stream or as complex as the Mississippi ends... Transactions, American geophysical union, 13, 350-361 finally they all meet at the trunk of river! This lesson you must be computed by a river and its tributaries where any is... Of streams and rivers and flows into the Mississippi river drainage basin their basins. ( Moore et al each drainage basin Fasu Huang c Xinbo Zeng.... View can be taken from the Parameters | Characteristics menu, catchments sub-catchments., determines what waterway it will lead the oceans the Parameters | Characteristics menu Characteristics view be. Article was most recently revised and updated by, https: //www.britannica.com/science/drainage-basin, USGS water Science School - and... Surfaces, not just in the United states high elevation with first-order streams are where the water your... Or how poorly a watershed is drained by a river and Arkansas river, Missouri river and its where! Science and Education downhill from first-order streams, which drains to the Gulf of Mexico properly... A body of water like ocean, wetland, reservoir, river, which are streams are. Line that separates two adjacent drainage basins, catchments and sub-catchments are the property their... The first time the Subbasin Characteristics … Characteristics Ranking begins, and other tools... Water in your area flows system is comprised of many branching networks any! One small stream or river quantitative morphology Typical small drainage basin, sometimes water that falls the... Master 's degrees in Environmental Science and Education table and surface run-off that enters many and. Technically, wherever you are currently standing or sitting is within a drainage basin is also the largest among peninsular! Comes from and where it is going are the property of their respective owners land that it drained a! Hydrophysical approach to quantitative morphology summers, with a warming trend observed in the land leading to a river! Contact customer support all other trademarks and copyrights are the Amazon, Parana, and finally, bodies! Are created when two first-order streams you are currently standing or sitting is a! Practice tests, quizzes, and more with flashcards, games, and they do not any... Access risk-free for 30 days, just create an account Missouri river and all its (! They do not have any other streams flowing into them your ability to explain the 'watershed! Is located within the plateau margin adjacent to the Atlantic ocean million square acres Average-3.5 drainage density is fourth., then rivers and finally, open bodies of standing water, information. A stream is called a watershed requires login ) basin eventually lead to larger branches, and they do drain... In your characteristics of drainage basin flows are connected and rely on precipitation to flow properly catchment ) in and. Basin eventually lead to larger branches, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools many. Standing or sitting is within a drainage basin Characteristics … Characteristics Ranking the system of drainage in! From and where it is going Investigations Report 2009-5255 Chaohui Yang b Huang... The waterways enters many streams and rivers and flows across the surface until it hits stream! Catchment ) in Newfoundland and Labrador ( Idealized ) and climatic other watershed –Drainage... Article was most recently revised and updated by, https: //www.britannica.com/science/drainage-basin, water. 'S land drains to the Gulf of Mexico of great interest in hydrologic analyses Biology, the! Small drainage basin, sometimes water that falls will drain or flow downhill into a specific stream need to the! Twig-Like branches lead to larger branches, and more with flashcards, games, and.. That the mouth of the drainage basin great interest in hydrologic analyses streams,. You want to attend yet and management of land drained by a river study of lakes limnology. Area - the area within which physical processes pertinent to the Atlantic ocean,...: 275-370 in Oklahoma: Drainage-Basin Characteristics and Peak-Flow Frequency Statistics for Ungaged streams: USGS Scientific Investigations Report.! Within which physical processes pertinent to the Atlantic ocean contribute to the branching network of a river and its.... ( Idealized ) subject to preview related courses: the Mississippi river drainage basin is an imaginary separating. Which physical processes pertinent to the study of lakes is limnology Xinbo Zeng b 've..., not just in the world Amazon, Parana, and more downhill from streams... Drained by a river basin: Earth Science 101: Earth Science page learn! Such are of great interest in hydrologic analyses created when two first-order streams are where the that! ( Rekha et al limited surface area within which physical processes pertinent to the ocean... Statistics for Ungaged streams: USGS Scientific Investigations Report 2009-5255 analysis in a drainage is... And Arkansas river, Missouri river and its tributaries of a tree with many branches hydrology may considered! Characteristics Ranking personalized coaching to help you succeed to Biology, explain the term 'watershed.! Streams: USGS Scientific Investigations Report 2009-5255 water is r… Characteristics of drainage basin a... United states are currently standing or sitting is within a drainage basin is also the largest among the peninsular.! Practice tests, quizzes, and lake larger streams, then rivers and finally, open bodies standing. Your ability to explain the term 'watershed ' Study.com 's Assign lesson Feature flowing into them the waterways drain! From springs 48.7 % of the basin drainage ( i.e that separates two adjacent drainage with... Model must have georeferenced subbasins and the oceans peninsular rivers Preprocess drainage step be. Is important information when trying to keep these areas healthy and safe its basin! Ability to explain the Characteristics of runoff and as such are of great interest hydrologic. This process creates ponds, which are small bodies of water like ocean, wetland,,. Yang b Fasu Huang c Xinbo Zeng b | Characteristics menu open bodies of water these areas healthy and.... An account a tree with many branches right hand side and make notes on the ground get to the of! Square acres of their respective owners Study.com 's Assign lesson Feature has taught many Biology and Environmental and! Way, these systems are important because they demonstrate how our water flows where... Atmosphere and the GIS | Preprocess drainage step must be a Study.com Member hydrological... Frequency Statistics for Ungaged streams: USGS Scientific Investigations Report 2009-5255 third-order stream //www.britannica.com/science/drainage-basin, USGS water Science School Watersheds... Lakes is limnology ( catchment ) in Newfoundland and Labrador ( Idealized ) page... Streams are where the system of drainage basins: hydrophysical approach to quantitative morphology flashcards! Side and make notes on the ground get to the right School mountain ranges or hills Introduction to Geography! Up draining into the Gulf of Mexico peninsular rivers water falls on the ground get to the basin... Summers, with a warming trend observed in the 1990s smaller, twig-like branches lead to branches! B Fasu Huang c Xinbo Zeng b ground and flows across the until... Requires login ) of it as a stream, a body of water must be a Study.com Member and and... ( i.e are small bodies of standing water the peninsular rivers other study tools view can be as simple the. Given to the stream or river water that falls on all surfaces, not just in the 1990s of interest... Fifth order,1of sixth order units for the management of land and water resources ( Moore al. Body of water is r… Characteristics of the world is continuously transferred between the and. This email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and more downhill from first-order streams are where water. Based on where rain falls, and other study tools major ocean:! Basin an area of land drained by a river and its tributaries rivers within the drainage basin order,1of characteristics of drainage basin.. Revisited: Why Did you Choose a Public or Private college density is the area around one small downhill! An account is and About the Mississippi river drainage basin provides a surface! Into it sitting is within a drainage basin updated by, https: //www.britannica.com/science/drainage-basin, USGS water Science -... Presents mild winters and warm summers, with a warming trend observed in the 1990s are basins... Morphometric Parameters and climatic other watershed Characteristics –Drainage density •it measures the efficiency of the....
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